Habitually, Desi variety chicken is used for backyard poultry farming in many rural villages. It provides a source of protein, income and employment generation for poor people. Since, desi variety chicken had low production potential, improved varieties like Vanaraja and Gramapriya were introduced into the rural villages by Indian Council of Agricultural Research –Directorate of Poultry Research, in Hyderabad under Poultry Seed Project (PSP). During November 2021, 100 resource constrained community people

of Tiruchirappalli were selected for this study and distributed with 50 numbers of improved chicken each. The study has been undertaken after the period of one year to know the pattern of rearing and socio-economic improvement in that community after rearing of improved variety chicken. Data analysed solitary by descriptive statistics. Both men and women were engaged in backyard poultry farming in 54 per cent of the households. Overall, 72 per cent respondents faced lot of constraints like brooding facilities, predator attack, lack of housing facilities and high incidence of diseases during improved variety chicken farming. Among respondents, 67 per cent had a high feeling that birds contributed significantly to their socio-economic strength. Average monthly income has been doubled per house hold by sale of eggs and live chicken. The findings of this study revealed that rearing improved variety chicken had positive impact on family health, source of income, employment and other social demands of resource constrained community people.