Year: 2025 | Month: June | Volume 12 | Issue 1
Bioremediation of Heavy Metals in Tannery Effluent Contaminated Soil Using Biochar
Kiruthika1
Deepika
Sinduja
Akhila and Gowri Shankar
DOI:10.30954/2347-9655.01.2025.11
Abstract:
This study examines how biochar can help remove heavy metals, like chromium (Cr), from soils contaminated by tannery effluent. Biochar is a carbon-rich material made by heating organic matter in the absence of oxygen. It has been found to improve soil health by enhancing its structure, water retention, and nutrient availability, while also reducing the levels of toxic metals in the soil. The incorporation of 10% biochar resulted in a substantial 90% reduction in Cr uptake by the plant, demonstrating its efficacy
in sequestering heavy metals and limiting their bioavailability. Biochar not only stabilized Cr within the soil matrix but also improved soil health by enhancing structure, moisture retention, and nutrient availability. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of various functional groups indicative of chemical ransformations and interactions between biochar and soil contaminants. Peaks related to O-H, C≡C,
C=C=N, and C=C=C stretching vibrations suggest the formation of active sites responsible for metal immobilization. The results underscore the potential of biochar to enhance phytoremediation performance and contribute to sustainable soil management strategies in heavy metal-contaminated environments.
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