This research paper examines the impact of migration on development in South Africa, focusing on the legal and socio-economic challenges migrant children face. Migration, driven by economic opportunities and conflict, affects South Africa’s economy and social services. While migrants contribute to essential sectors, their presence can create job competition and wage suppression. The study highlights significant gaps in policy regarding the protection of migrant children, especially unaccompanied minors, and the barriers they face in accessing education and healthcare. Although the South African Constitution and the Refugees Act outline protections for these children’s rights, implementation challenges persist. This article explores the intersection of legal provisions and the needs of migrant children, aiming to inform solutions and enhance their protection under South African law.