Electrospinning has emerged as a transformative technology in textile engineering, enabling the production of ultra-fine nanofibres with unique properties and a wide range of applications. This technique leverages an electric field to produce continuous fibres from polymer solutions or melts, creating structures with high surface area-to-volume ratios, tunable porosity, and potential for diverse functionalization. Advancements in electrospinning techniques, including needleless, coaxial, tri-axial, and portable setups, have expanded their potential, allowing for enhanced control over fibre morphology, diameter, and composition. Such innovations have led to electrospun textiles that are lighter, more breathable, and multifunctional, addressing needs in filtration, biomedical applications, smart textiles, and energy storage. For instance, in smart textile applications, electrospun fibres are being combined with phase-change materials (PCMs) to enable thermal regulation, while conductive nanomaterials embedded within electrospun fabrics are paving the way for wearable electronics. However, challenges remain in terms of scalability, mechanical stability, and production cost, especially as the focus shifts towards industrial applications. Continued research in optimizing material properties, improving fibre strength, and reducing costs are essential to fully leverage the capabilities of electrospinning in the textile sector. This article critically examines the progress in electrospinning technology, its adaptation in textile applications, and future directions for advancing electrospun textiles for multifunctional and sustainable use.