Effect of Extreme Drought on Reticulated Giraffe Population in Northeastern, Kenya

Abstract:

Occurrence of severe drought in northeastern Kenya has emerged as a critical threat to the giraffe

population in the region, exacerbating a multitude of pre-existing challenges. The primary concern stems

from the drying up of acacia trees, a crucial feed source for giraffes. As these trees wither due to the

prolonged drought, the giraffes are confronted with a diminishing feed supply, leading to malnutrition

and an alarming decline in their overall population. One immediate consequence of the drought is the

migration of giraffes to neighboring countries such as Ethiopia and Somalia in search of sustenance.

Unfortunately, the situation in these regions, particularly Somalia, has been aggravated by persistent

civil unrest since 1991. The ongoing conflict not only exacerbates the challenges faced by giraffes but also

poses additional threats to their survival. The violence and instability in these areas hinder conservation

efforts, making it more difficult to implement protective measures and conservation programs. Beyond

the drought and migration, giraffes in northeastern Kenya are grappling with a host of other issues.

Habitat loss, primarily driven by human activities such as deforestation and land development, further

diminishes the available living space for giraffes. The encroachment of agriculture, expanding settlements,

and infrastructure development contribute to the shrinking of their natural habitats.